Knee osteoarthritis

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This is a degenerative disease in which joint cartilage gradually wears away, characterized by the gradual deterioration of joint cartilage. Cartilage is a smooth tissue that covers the ends of bones in joints, helping them move smoothly. When cartilage wears away, the cushioning between bones decreases, leading to pain, stiffness, inflammation, and limited range of motion. Here are several main causes of knee osteoarthritis:

Age: As age increases, the repair capacity of joint cartilage decreases, increasing the risk of osteoarthritis.
Weight: Being overweight or obese increases the pressure on the knee joint, accelerating the process of cartilage wear.
Genetic factors: People with a family history of osteoarthritis are more likely to develop the disease.
Gender: Women, especially postmenopausal women, are more prone to osteoarthritis.
Joint injuries: Past knee injuries, such as ligament tears or fractures, can increase the risk of osteoarthritis.
Repetitive use: Certain occupations or activities (such as running, soccer, or weight training) that involve repetitive stress on the knee joint may lead to premature cartilage wear.
Muscle weakness: Weakness in the muscles in the front of the thigh (quadriceps) may not effectively support the knee joint, leading to cartilage wear.
Bone abnormalities: Abnormalities in the leg bones, such as bowlegs or knock-knees, can cause uneven pressure on the knee joint, accelerating cartilage wear.
Metabolic disorders: Certain metabolic disorders, such as diabetes and hyperuricemia, may affect the health of joint cartilage.
Inflammation: Substances released in the inflammatory response of arthritis can directly damage cartilage cells, accelerating the wear process.
Methods for treating knee osteoarthritis typically include reducing pain and inflammation, improving joint function, weight management (if needed), physical therapy, using OA knee braces, and in severe cases, surgical treatment. Proper exercise and muscle strengthening can help support and protect the joints, delaying disease progression.